Landgraefin Aemilia von Hessen-Kassel (1626-1693)
daughter of Wilhelm V, Landgraf von Hessen-Kassel 1627-1637
and Countess Amelia Elisabeth von Hanau-Muenzenberg
Born 11 February 1626 Hersfeld
Died 15 February 1693 Frankfurt am Main
Married 15 May 1648 Kassel
Henri Charles de La Tremouille
Born 17 December 1620 Thouars
Died 14 September 1672 Thouars
After the failed romance between Louise Henriette of Orange and Henri
Charles, Prince de Tarente, the Prince's mother arranged a marriage between
Emilie and the Prince de Tarente. After a while the Prince and his German
wife returned to France. Here, for a short while, her husband was involved
with the Protestant opposition to Cardinal Mazarin. When this Cardinal
imprisoned her husband, it was her mother-in-law who secured his release.
They left France and her husband found employment in The Netherlands.
However, for the future of their children they sent them to their protestant
grandmother in Thouars. There they were safe until their grandmother died.
Emilie then received a warning from the Vicomte Turenne that the king,
Louis XIV, intended to prevent her children from leaving France, so she
hurried there to pursuade her catholic father-in-law to allow her to remove
her children. Turenne also warned her not to flee France via Paris as the
King's messengers were on
their way to arrest her and the children.
For five years they lived peacefully in 's-Hertogenbosch. Then her
husband suddenly resigned his Dutch positions to go to France. Returning
a short time later, he broke the news that he had promised the French king
that they would all return to France and the Catholic religion. Force was
needed to take their son and only force and imprisonment could pursuade
him to change religion.
In despair, Emilie wrote to her Protestant relations and received an
offer for her daughter to have a position at the court of her cousin, the
Queen of Denmark, and in secret she left with her daughter. When told of
their departure, her husbanc chased and caught up with them in Blois. After
a painful confrontation, however, he allowed them to continue. On their
arrival in Hessen-Kassel, they
received the news that he had died.
Instead of returning, they continued to Copenhagen where she installed
her daughter at the Danish court, then a month later returned to France
in the hope of saving others of her children as the
edicts against the Huguenots had worsened.
Soon her father-in-law died, making her son the new Duc de Thouars.
However, as he had married a catholic wife, Emilie preferred to live by
herself at the Chateau-Madame in Vitre, near Rennes in Brittany.
Here she befriended the Marquise de Sevigny who lived nearly a mile
away. They spent a great deal of time together or, when apart, wrote to
each other on a regular basis. At this time, Emilie had little contact
with her children. One daughter had become a nun and her younger son a
priest, while the only communications she had with her eldest son were
only in regard to financial matters.
In 1681, after the treaty of Nijmegen, Louvois the French minister did
not want to let his army go. To keep them occupied, he started the "dragonnades"
against the remaining Protestants in France and the area around Thouars
was destroyed. The Protestants were not allowed to sell their properties,
thus reducing them to poverty. To protect themselves against the soldiers,
the population either fled the country or converted to the Catholic faith.
Amongst the many who converted was Vicomte Turenne, who would become one
of France's famous marshals. On the 25 October 1685, Louis XIV voided the
Edict of Nantes, which had protected the Protestants and was supposed to
have been forever.
After interferences by her German relations, Emilie was allowed to
leave France and made her home in Frankfurt. Here she tried to support
those Huguenots who had been able to escape from France and there she died,
15 February 1693, aged sixty-seven.
Source: Leo van de Pas
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