Countess Albertine Agnes von
Nassau (1634-1696)
Born 9 April 1634 's-Gravenhage
Died 24 May 1696 Oranjewoud, Friesland
Buried Jacobijnerkerk, Leeuwarden
Married 2 May 1652 Kleve
Willem Frederik, Fuerst von Nassau-Dietz, son of Ernst
Casimir, Count von Nassau-Dietz and Duchess Sophia Hedwig
of Brunswick-Wolfenbuettel
Born 7 August 1613 Arnhem
Died 31 October 1664 Leeuwarden
Buried Jacobijnerkerk, Leeuwarden
Her brother, Prince Willem II of Orange, arranged her marriage, hoping
to achieve a reconciliation with the Friesian Nassau branch of his family
and thus gain their support for his actions. However, when Willem II died
at the age of twenty-four, her husband looked only at his own gain and
not after the affairs of Willem II's posthumously born son.
Willem Frederik's selfishness caused a split in the Orange's political
party, though he partly achieved his aim when Drente and Groningen elected
him as Stadhouder. He was appreciated for his talents as an administrator
but not for his character, and when he died in 1664 there was little bereavement.
As his widow, Albertine Agnes was Regent in Friesland, Groningen and
Drente for her son, Hendrik Casimir II. Capable in adversity and the growing
anti-Stadhouder feelings in The Netherlands, she at least produced stability
in her territories.
In 1665 England and the Bishop of Munster declared war on The Netherlands.
As the main provinces of The Netherlands, Holland, Zeeland and Utrecht
had been without a Stadhouder since 1650. Also their armies had been neglected
as the fleet was favoured. Count Johann Moritz of Nassau-Siegen was put
in charge of the army but still the Bishop's army could not be stopped.
Even the strongly defended city of Groningen was threatened and to give
moral support, Albertine
Agnes hurried to the besieged city. Pressure by King Louis XIV of France,
then an ally, forced the Bishop of Munster to withdraw.
Six years later, Louis XIV changed his mind and attacked the south
of The Netherlands himself, while the Bishop of Munster together with the
Bishop of Koln attacked the North. Albertine Agnes arranged the defence
and suggested opening the dykes to flood the lands. Her moral support kept
Johann Moritz of Nassau-Siegen going; and at last her nephew, Prince William
III of Orange, was given his rightful position as Stadhouder.
During all these turbulent years, she also paid great attention to
the education of her son and hoped to restore the unity between the two
branches of her house, her son's and her nephew's. However, her son knew
he was not up to the calibre of his cousin and remained envious. Albertine
Agnes died, 24 May 1696, aged sixty-two.
Source: Leo van de Pas
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