Antoine "le Grand" de Croy,
Seigneur de Croy et de Renty et du Roeulx (1390-1475)
Born 1390 (1385?)
Died 1475 or 1477
Married (1) Marie de Roubaix, daughter of Jean de Roubaix,
Heer van Herzele and Agnes de Lannoy, Heiress of Aubencourt
Died before 1432
Married (2) 5 October 1432
Marguerite de Lorraine, Dame d'Arschot et de Bierbeke,
daughter of Antoine de Lorraine, Comte de Vaudemont and
Marie d'Harcourt, Comtesse d'Aumale
Died before 1474
Child by (a) Marie de Glymes
One of the most important persons of his era, he was called "the Great
Count of Croy". His level-headed influence was so considerable that, in
spite of the violent opposition of Charles "the Bold", he was able to negotiate
the repurchase of the towns of the Somme after the famous conference at
Peronne.
At Court it was said that "the Dauphin and Antoine de Croy were three
heads under the same hat". A politician and diplomat, he was also a soldier
and as such he served Charles "the Bold", Duke of
Burgundy, against the forces of the city of Liege at Othey. In 1414
he was sent on a mission to the Duke of Berry but, while on the territory
of the Duke of Orleans, was captured and imprisoned in the Chateau de Blois.
There he was tortured to make him admit that he had been involved in the
murder of the previous Duke of Orleans. In 1426 he served with forces in
Hainault against the English and
took part in the battle of Brouwershaven. In 1430, on behalf of Philippe
"the Good", Duke of Burgundy, he commanded the troops destined to push
back the forces of Liege who had invaded the county of Namur. The Dukes
of Burgundy were most grateful in their treatment of their faithful adherent;
he was nominated Chamberlain, a Knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece,
Governor General of the Low Countries and of the Duchy of Luxemburg.
In 1429 de Croy received the lands, town, the magistrature, the lordship
and the peerage of Roeulx. On the 11th of June 1438, from Charles, Duke
of Orleans, he bought the Lordship of Porcean, where he
took good care of his subjects, greatly enlarged his house and rebuilt
the chateau. The Lordship of Porcean was raised to the level of Count by
letters patent, dated 31 August 1455, from King Charles VII.
In 1446 he bought the Chateau of Montcornet, restored it and, with a
few exceptions, made it into what we know of it today. As the leader of
the French party at the court of the Dukes of Burgundy, he was rewarded
by the French king who named him the Grand Master of the Household in replacement
of the Sire de Gaucourt. In 1458 he was chosen as one of the judges at
the trial of the Duke d'Alencon who had been accused of treason. The following
year he was chosen as one of the Godfathers of the son of the future King
Louis XI. In 1461, at the Consecration of Louis XI, he carried the holy
oil with which the kings of France were anointed.
Treason has often been mentioned in connection with the double game
that he was forced to play at the end of the reign of Philippe "the Good".
In regards to this he was reported to have said: "I don't want to stop
serving the King of France on account of a Count of Charolais", Count of
Charolais being the courtesy title of the future Charles "the Bold", Duke
of Burgundy. He clashed constantly with this son of the Duke of Burgundy
over both serious matters and those of insignificance. The future Charles
"the Bold" became very angry with Antoine de Croy over the inheritance
of Jeanne d'Harcourt, Countess of Namur, as this was given to him by his
father. However, de Croy had not only reclaimed the inheritance of his
aunt but in fact had already seized the possessions and furnishings. This
rather sordid dispute accentuated the hatred between the two parties, so
much so that, when Charles "the Bold" succeeded
his father as Duke of Burgundy, Antoine de Croy was removed from the
government and took refuge in France.
In 1464 Charles "the Bold" said: "The pride of the Sire de Croy goes
so far that, after my retreat into Holland, he asserted that I had gone
because of my fear of him, and that as and when he wished he
could crush me like a wafer between two irons. He (Antoine de Croy)
sent the details of the hour of my birth to the Provost of Watenes, a clever
astrologer, then advised my father that not only had a
difficult future been predicted for me but that many great disasters
would befall me. He also consulted this Provost in regards to a means of
keeping my father always turned against me."
In 1473 when he was eighty-three years old, he had to humble himself
before Charles "the Bold" to obtain the restitution of his possessions
and titles which had been confiscated from him. Extremely
old, in either 1475 or 1477, he died and was buried in the chapel of
the Chateau of Porcean.
Source: Leo van de Pas |