Charles "the Bold", Duke of
Bourgogne 1467-1477, (1433-1477)
Born 11 November 1433 Dijon
Died 5 January 1477 Nancy (in battle)
Married (1) 19 May 1440
Catharine de Valois, Princess of France, daughter of
Charles VII, King of France 1422-1461 and Marie d'Anjou
Born 1428
Died circa 30 July 1446 Bruxelles
Married (2) 30 October 1454 Rijssel
Isabelle de Bourbon, daughter of Charles I, Duc de Bourbon
and Agnes de Bourgogne
Born circa 1435
Died 25 September 1465 Antwerpen
Married (3) 3 July 1468 Damme, Flanders
Margaret of York, daughter of Richard, 3rd Duke of York and
Cicely Nevill, 'The Rose of Raby'
Born 3 May 1446 Fotheringay
Died 28 November 1503 Malines
He lived in the shadow of his much more intelligent father who lives
on in history as Philippe "the Good". His father had allowed him to participate
in government in the last three years of his father's
life. Charles wanted to aggrandize his family as much as his father.
His territories were spread far and apart, within France as well as in
the Netherlands and Germany. Aiming to unite all these territories
with himself as an independent king, he established first a standing
army which meant increased taxes for the population. Then he tried to centralize
government and justice; however, this also upset many
people as all his duchies, counties and lordships had their own laws
and traditions. He obtained the Elsas and parts of Lorraine decreasing
the distance between his territories in the north and the south. Then
the Duke of Gelre pawned his duchy to him.
In 1473 Charles arranged a meeting in Trier with Emperor Friedrich III.
They arrived in pouring rain, both at the same time and tried to out do
each other in politeness by urging the other to enter first.
After an hour in the rain they decided to enter the city together.
They had a lot to discuss: the marriage of Charles's only child to the
Emperor's son; the creation of the Burgundy kingdom; and in case of
the Emperor's death, Charles becoming the next Emperor. Charles impressed
the impoverished Emperor with his wealth so that agreements seem to have
been reached. A crown was made and a day appointed on which Charles was
to be crowned king by the Emperor. However, the day beforehand the Emperor
left. The reason was probably lack of support from the German princes and
objections of Charles's enemy, King Louis XI of France. Louis XI then encouraged
dissidents in his territories and supported an uprising in the Elsas with
a Swiss army. The Swiss defeated Charles time after time, till finally
he was killed in battle in 1477.
Source: Leo van de Pas |