Eleonore Desmier d'Olbreuse
(1637-1722)
born 13 January 1637 Olbreuse
died 5 February 1722 Celle
married 15 September 1665 Celle
Georg Wilhelm, Duke of Brunswick-Celle 1665-1705
born 26 January 1624 Herzberg
died 28 August 1705 Wienhausen
She belonged to an impoverished Huguenot family, one of the minor
nobility of France. The
Princesse de Tarente offered her a post in her
household and, with her
beauty and grace, Eleonore was much admired.
With the Prince de Tarente
and his family she went to Holland where
she met Georg Wilhelm, Duke
of Brunswick.
Georg Wilhelm was thirteen years older and with a reputation of
being unreliable, irresponsible
and the last man in the world to have
honourable intentions. However,
he gave her jewels, proposals and
invited her to join him
in Germany to attend his brother's funeral.
She followed him to Iburg
where Georg Wilhelm's family received her
kindly.
Eleonore behaved with decorum and modesty and Georg Wilhelm,
wildly in love, did not
wait to bury his brother before entering into
a 'marriage de conscience'
with her. A contract was drawn up, giving
her an annual income, and
this contract was signed by Georg Wilhelm,
his brother Ernst August,
Ernst August's wife, and Eleonore who
regarded herself to be 'a
wife in the eyes of God' and became known as
'Frau von Harburg'. A year
later the cordiality with her in-laws
soured when she, being pregnant,
tried to legalise her relationship
with Georg Wilhelm. Her
influence on Georg Wilhelm surpassed all
expectations, as did the
couple's mutual caresses, which were and
remained 'forts violents'.
In September 1666 Eleonore gave birth to a
daughter, Sophia Dorothea,
and almost died of it. However, she
recovered but was 'all skin
and bone' and, apparently, never regained
her former beauty, but Georg
Wilhelm remained devoted to her.
On 22 July 1674 the Emperor created her Countess von Wilhelmsburg
and, after a second marriage
ceremony on 20 December 1675, from 24
April 1676 onwards she was
regarded to be Duchess of Brunswick-Celle.
In Paris Eleonore had an
elaborate family-tree drawn up which cost her
thousands but linked her
with Hughes Capet, King of France. Her
sister-in-law, Sophie, maintained
she was tempted to have one done for
her chambermaid.
Anton Ulrich, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbuettel, who had supported
Eleonore's quest for legitimacy,
offered his eldest son as a husband
for Sophia Dorothea who,
legitimised, would be a very wealthy heiress.
Once the engagement was
accomplished, Eleonore announced that she was
again pregnant, and this
time the child would be undoubtedly
legitimate. However, three
months after the engagement the young Duke
died on the battlefield
and the new baby, a girl, followed 'the long
line of her little sisters
into a better world'.
Anton Ulrich, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbuettel, who had done so
much to legitimise Eleonore's
marriage and child, then proposed his
second son as a husband
for Eleonore's daughter. However, Eleonore
didn't think him good enough
and announced that another cousin, Prince
George of Denmark, had offered
for her daughter's hand. However, the
Danish Queen was quick in
denying this story. It was Georg Ludwig, the
future George I, King of
Great Britain, who married Sophia Dorothea.
According to George's mother,
"he would marry a cripple if it were to
benefit 'la maison'."
After Eleonore had become the grandmother of two, the marriage
failed when Sophia Dorothea
fell in love with Count von Koenigsmarck.
Eleonore endeavoured to
obtain a separation for which she tried to
raise money, but Georg Ludwig
refused. On 15 July 1694 Koenigsmarck
disappeared, probably murdered,
and a few days later Sophia Dorothea
was placed under arrest
and removed to Hannover. For the rest of her
life Sophia Dorothea was
locked up in the Castle of Ahlden and
Eleonore, who visited her
occasionally, was to be the only family
member she would see during
the rest of her life.
Source: Leo van de Pas
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