Count Frigyes Szapary de Muraszombath
Szechysziget et Szapar, (1869-1935)
Born 5 November 1869 Buda
Died 18 March 1935 Wien
Married 27 April 1908 Wien
Princess Maria Hedwig zu Windisch-Graetz
Born 16 June 1878 Stekna, Bohemia
Died 22 September 1918 Chur, Switzerland
Frigyes/Friedrich (known as Fritz) was the youngest of three
children. His
brother Karoly died as a child, and his sister
Ferdinandine
did not marry. On 27 April 1908 in Wien he married
Princess Maria
Hedwig zu Windisch-Graetz. They had four children,
Laszlo (born
1910), Marianne (1911-1988), Gabrielle (1913 and Vinzenz
(1914) who died
as a baby.
Fritz Szapary was highly cultured and a fine sportsman, and had a
brilliant, questing
mind. Following a late start to his higher
education (he
was already in his early 30's), he very quickly earned a
Doctorate in
Jurisprudence. In 1907 he entered the Foreign Office,
where he had
a meteroric rise. In December 1909 he became Head of
Office of the
Foreign Minister. As such he enjoyed close working
relationships
with Aerenthal and with Berchtold, Aerenthal's successor
as Foreign Minister,
who praised his "outstanding skill in handling
political issues
and his extraordinary judgment". In April 1912 Fritz
was made Head
of the Policy Section, where he had a significant
influence on
the conduct of foreign policy. In addition he was given
charge of key
administrative units (for matters relating to the
Emperor's Household,
for personnel matters, for the press, and
others). On
behalf of the Chief of the Austrian General Staff, Conrad
von Hoetzendorf,
he was sent in January 1913 on a special mission to
Berlin, to seek
the orientation of German foreign policy towards more
positive co-operation
for Austria-Hungary.
His announcement in October 1913 as Ambassador to St.Petersburg
was seen widely
as a sign of a hardening of policy towards Russia.
Before taking
up his post he went on a mission to Italy. Circumstances
denied Fritz
a major impact in St.Petersburg. When his wife Hedwig
became seriously
ill, he delayed the start of his posting until
February 1914.
His stay in St.Petersburg was broken by a two-month
return to Austria,
to be with his very ill wife and his baby son,
Vinzenz, who
was dying.
Fritz was the last Austro-Hungarian Ambassador. When Russia was
mobilised it
was his sad duty, on 6 August 1914, to deliver the
Austro-Hungarian
Declaration of War to the Russian Government (he
personally was
deeply pessimistic of the consequences of a major war
for his country).
Hedwig told her daughter Marianne that, when Fritz
first arrived
in St.Petersburg, he had the Ambassador's residence
beautifully
decorated and filled it with lovely family furniture and
paintings, in
preparation for the arrival of Hedwig and their
children. To
her great sadness after Vinzenz died, she too was too ill
ever to make
the journey. Following convention when war was declared,
Fritz and his
Russian counterpart in Wien were to embark by train
simultaneously
for their respective capitals. Fritz had arranged for
the train to
take him, his staff and their possessions, and the very
valuable contents
of the Ambassador's residence. However, there were
so many Austrians
and Hungarians in St.Petersburg wanting to be
repatriated
that he left the great bulk of his possessions behind to
make room on
the train for the evacuees, and arrived in Wien on 16
August carrying
only his jewels and personal luggage. Some years
later, after
many approaches to the Bolshevik government and the
despatch of
many inventories, that government agreed to return the
contents of
the residence. A servant was sent to collect them. When he
returned with
the van and it was eagerly opened, the contents were a
bitter disappointment.
Very few of the family possessions were among
them, and no-one
knew the origins of most of the rest. The mystery was
never solved.
The contents of the residence included a wonderful
collection of
china. In the 1920's the collection reappeared in the
British Museum,
which had bought it from the Russian writer Maxim
Gorky. How it
came to be in Gorky's possession remains a mystery.
Despite visiting
the British Museum, Fritz was unable to produce
documentary
proof of ownership sufficient to recover the china. It is
still there.
When Hedwig died of tuberculosis in 1918, Fritz resigned from the
Foreign Office
and, rejecting a number of overtures to re-enter public
life, devoted
the rest of his life to the upbringing of his three
children. In
the three years following the end of the war, he and the
entire household
were living at Tachau, the seat in Bohemia of his
father-in-law,
Prince Alfred zu Windisch-Graetz. In about 1922 he
brought his
family home to his property at Abony in Hungary, which had
been devastated
during the regime of Bela Kun. He showed a flair for
business and
was able, through hard work and shrewd investments, to
rebuild his
properties.
The last words about Fritz should be by his daughter, Marianne :
"...we were
young and led a charmed life, quite unconcerned over the
dark clouds
gathering around us. But my father knew. Like his
grandfather
Ferencz he had uncanny insight, bordering on "second
sight", a sense
of premonition. He was convinced that war was
inevitable.
He felt hopeless and helpless. My father did not want to
see another
world war. He let himself die on 18 March 1935."
Source: Leo van de Pas |