Marie Mignon, Princess of Romania
(1900-1961)
Born: 9 JAN 1900
Died: 22 JUN 1961
Married: 8 JUN 1922
Alexander I, King of Yugoslavia
Born: 16 DEC 1888
Died: 9 OCT 1934
Born in the German town of Gotha,the future Queen of Yugoslavia was
the second daughter of Crown Prince Ferdinand of Romania and Princess Marie
of Great Britain. She was educated in Romania and in England ; she was
fluent in Romanian,French,English,German and Serbian.
In 1922, King Alexander of Yugoslavia was still unmarried. Before the
Great War,the Tsar gave his approval to Alexander, Crown Prince of Serbia
at the time, to propose his oldest daughter,Grand Duchess Olga,but the
Imperial family was killed in the revolution,and Alexander could never
get over the death of his fiancee-to-be,and that was oneof the reasons
he refused to recognize the new regime of the Soviet Russia. Educated in
Russia, godson of Tsar Alexander III.,nephew of the Grand Duchesses and
brother-in-law of an Imperial Prince Ioann, he was disgusted by the Communists
who took control over Russia and he generously accepted the Russian emigrants
who came to Yugoslavia.
Because of the Ekaterinburg murders,a new bride had to be found for
the King,and the courtiers noticed beautiful young Princess Marie from
the neighbouring Romania,Olga's second cousin. The alliance between
the Houses would also be important for political reasons,and the couple
engaged in the beginning of 1922.The magnificent wedding took place in
Belgrade on 8th of June the same year.Two royal palaces in the center of
the capital,renovated after the war,were the stage for the festivities,and
accepted guests from many European Dynysties.
The Romanian royal couple,Princes Charles and Nicolae and Princesses
Ileana and Elena of Romania,Grand Duchess Kira and Princess Jekaterina
and Prince Vsevolod of Russia, Prince Alfonso and Princess Beatrice de
Orleans,Irene of Greece and Duke of Genova were present.The Duke of York
came as a representative of King George V.,who was the best man.
On September 6th year,the young Queen gave birth to a boy,who was christened
in the Royal Chapel and received name Peter. His Godfather was George V.,as
he was the best man at the wedding of his parents,and,by Serbian Orthodox
tradition,also had to be a godfather of the children born from the same
marriage.The Duke of York came to Belgrade again to represent his father,this
time with his wife,Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon,the present Queen Mother of
Britain,a good friend of Prince Paul,Alexander's cousin. Day after the
christening,Prince Paul married Princess Olga of Greece and Denmark,and
the celebrations continued.
Although Marie was raised on the Romanian Royal Court,she was not quite
pleased with the role of a Queen. The British Minister in Belgrade wrote
in his annual report to the Foreign Office for year 1925,in the section
"The Royal House":
"The Queen,unfortunately,still shows little understanding for the duties
of her position; regarding the fact,that there are no ladies-in -waiting
in her attendance,who could have a positive influence on her in that direction,and
regarding that she often visits her mother,the Queen of Romania,she
gives somewhat pathetic impression of a monarch who enjoys no sympathies
in her new homeland".
But soon,she began to fulfil her duties,and became a popular figure
in Yugoslavia,and even nowadays,older people remember her with admiration
and respect. The power of the Sovereign of the Yugoslav State was big and
after the abolition of the Constitution in 1929 it became enormous,and
Queen Marie had a considerable influence in the politics of the
country until the death of her husband. Political opponents of King
Alexander's regime were accusing the Royal couple of some unsolved murders
of notable opposition leaders.In 1928,a Montenegrin MP shot the president
of the Croatian Peasant's Party in the National Assembly,and another MP
said that the assassination was planned on the Court. Allegedly,it was
quite clear in the political circles that the Queen herself was behind
the plot.
While on Bled,where the Royal Family had its summer palace,mother and
daughter,Queens of Romania and Yugoslavia and their guests were talking
about the situation in Romania,which was on the edge of revolution,because
of the congress of the Peasant's Party.The Yugoslav Queen said that
the situation in Yugoslavia is not that bad,because one of the oppositon
leaders was already eliminated,and the other one will be in the near future.Or,
as one of the Yugoslav ladies-in-waiting wrote in her diary: "Der eine
ist erledigt,nur noch den anderen,und alles wird gut".
Today,it is hard to say whether anything of this is true.Undoubtably,Marie
was a powerful person in her country,but it can't be proved that she really
had anything to do with the murders.The only evidence,the words she said
on Bled, proove nothing; they simply illustrate the Queen's opinion- in
any case,she would not say anything in front of her guests if she would
be involved in the plot.
After her husband's assassination,his cousin,Prince Paul became the
Regent for Marie's son, 11-years old King Peter II.,and little was left
of her political power. But she continued to involve herself,as,besides
the King,senior member of the House, in public life and charitable work
- she was a patron of many hospitals,orphanages and schools. She gave birth
to two more sons-Princes Tomislav (1928) and Andrej (1929),and was a good,dedicated
mother.
Rather than receptions and balls at Court,she prefered intimate evenings
in the circle of her family.The Queen was a simple person,she was wearing
the same winter coat for years and rather walked in the capital than
riding in a car.
When she came to Yugoslavia,then styled as the Kingdom of Serbs,Croats
and Slovenes,the main Royal residences were Old and New Palace,standing
one opposite to another,in the heart of Belgrade.Although much smaller
than Winter Palace in St. Petersburg or Buckingham Palace,they were luxurious
and spacious,but too big for a pleasant family life and surrounded with
the city,and there were no possibilities for the Royals to get away from
Court life and courtiers. Therefore,King Alexander decided to built a new
palace,outside the capital,and he did choose a hill,or more a plateau than
a hill, on the outskirts of Belgrade where the new house should stands.The
hill,called Dedinje,was not included in the town at the time,and only a
few villas stood there.The construction began in the mid-twenties and
was finished in 1929.
The palace was built in Serbo-Byzanthine style,and the interior was
inspired by Renaissance and Russian medieval art. Beautiful furniture and
precious paintings were set in it,some from the Royal collections and other
bought or made specially for the new residence.
It was a charming,comfortable new home,completely private;premises
of the Marshalate of the Court , Guards , Mews ,kitchens ,etc. ,were all
separated from this small palace.
The park was vast,with pavillions and colonnades, and on one side of
the house, terraces, planned by the manager of chateau de Versailles,
were descending down the hill.
The family moved in in 1929; the palaces in the town were still used
for larger receptions and celebrations and courtiers and senior servants
of the Household continued to live in it.
After the death of her husband,Marie,who became the Queen Mother, spent
less time in Belgrade.She loved Slovenia,country in the northwest of Yugoslavia,where
she had two residencies,the summer palace on Bled and a private resort
complex on an Alpine plateau.She also had a palace and a yacht in the Montenegrin
Littoral.In this houses,and on the family estate of Oplenac,she spent most
of her time. She also traveled a lot,and after 1938,she mostly lived in
England. That's where she was when she heard that Yugoslavia was attacked
by Germany,on April 6th 1941.
During the war,she was the Deputy President of the Yugoslav Red Cross
( her son Prince Andrej was President), and was active in humanitarian
work. The war came to an end,but the monarchy was abolished on 29th November
1945,six months after the liberation of Yugoslavia,by the Communist Government
of Marshal Josip Broz Tito. On 8th March 1947,the Yugoslav Government seized
the property and the citizenship of all the members of the House of Karageorgevitch,including
Queen Maries. Marie continued to live in England,where she had an estate,and
she died there in 1961.She was buried on the grounds of the Frogmore Mausoleum
in Windsor,by the resting place of her great-grandmother,Queen Victoria.
Source: Mitja Cosic
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